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MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: The digestive tract includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. The pancreas, liver, and gallbladder are accessory organs of the digestive tract that have many functions, one of which is to produce digestive juices and enzymes that aid in digestion. The digestive tract alters food into readily absorbed nutrients and eliminates waste products. Digestion begins in the mouth. Saliva moistens the food and amylase, an enzyme in saliva, begins the process of breaking it down. Food moves through the esophagus and enters the stomach, where digestive enzymes and stomach acid continue breaking it down. The resulting breakdown product, called chyme, contains carbohydrates, small proteins, minerals, fats, vitamins, and water. Chyme exits the stomach and enters the small intestine. The small intestine digests and absorbs each component of chyme. Pancreatic enzymes eventually break down carbohydrates into several simple sugars called monosaccharides. Sodium-glucose transporters are responsible for transporting monosaccharides across the intestinal cell membrane into the cell using active transport. After transport into the cell, glucose transporters move the monosaccharides out of the cell and eventually into the bloodstream for use by the body. Enzymes called proteases break down proteins into amino acids. Like carbohydrates, amino acids such as glycine are co-transported with sodium ions via the sodium-glucose transporter. Various amino acid transporters then transfer amino acids into the interstitial fluid where they are available to build proteins needed by the body. Minerals such as sodium are co-transported with carbohydrates and amino acids. Liver bile salts emulsify fats. Then pancreatic and intestinal enzymes digest them into fatty acids and diglyceride. Bile acid droplets called micelles absorb the fatty acids and diglyceride as well as any fat-soluble vitamins in the chyme and deliver them to the intestinal cell wall for absorption. Within the cell, the lipids and fat-soluble vitamins are packaged into chylomicrons, which are delivered to the lacteals or lymphatic capillaries in the intestinal villi for transport to the lymphatic system and eventual return to the blood. ♪ [music] ♪
"It is my experience that it's much more effective to show a jury what
happened than simply to tell a jury what happened. In this day and age where
people are used to getting information visually, through television and
other visual media, I would be at a disadvantage using only words.
I teach a Litigation Process class at the University of Baltimore Law Schooland use [Medical Legal Art's] animation in my class. Students always saythat they never really understood what happened to [to my client] until theysaw the animation.
Animations are powerful communication tools that should be used wheneverpossible to persuade juries."
Andrew G. Slutkin Snyder Slutkin & Kopec Baltimore, MD
"Your firm is great to work with and, most importantly for me, you get the
job done on time and with the utmost professionalism. You should be proud of
all those you employ, from KJ to Ben B. I've been especially pleased over
the years with the work of Brian and Alice, both of whom seem to tolerate my
idiosycratic compulsion to edit, but I've not found a bad apple in the bunch
(and, as you know, I've used your firm a bunch!).
I look forward to our continued professional relationship."
Kenneth J. Allen Kenneth Allen & Associates
Valparaiso, IN
"[Your staff] was extremely efficient, cooperative and gracious and [their]
efforts produced a demonstrative exhibit that we used effectively throughout
our trial. The jury verdict of $3,165,000.00 was, in no small measure, due
to the impact of the demonstrative evidence. You may be sure that we will
call again."
David J. Dean
Sullivan Papain Block McGrath & Cannavo, P.C.
New York, NY
"Thank you very much for the great work on the medical exhibits. Our trial
resulted in a $16 million verdict for a 9 year old boy with catastrophic
injuries, and the medical illustrations definitely played key role in the
trial."
Medical Legal Art creates medical demonstrative evidence (medical
illustrations, drawings, pictures, graphics, charts, medical animations,
anatomical models, and interactive presentations) for use during legal
proceedings, including research, demand letters, client conferences,
depositions, arbitrations, mediations, settlement conferences, mock jury
trials and for use in the courtroom. We do not provide legal or medical
advice. If you have legal questions, you should find a lawyer with whom you
can discuss your case issues. If you have medical questions, you should seek the advice of a healthcare provider.